Suchergebnisse

VARIOUS ANALYTIC AND SIMULATION MODELS DESIGNED TO INTEGRATE THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SECTORS ARE SURVEYED, STRESSING THE INTERACTING LINKS GOING FROM THE ECONOMY TO THE POLITY THROUGH THE POPULARITY FUNCTION AND IN THE REVERSE DIRECTION THROUGH THE GOVERNMENT'S REACTION FUNCTION.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1: Overtourism: Problems and a Radical Proposal-An Introduction -- Part I: Overtourism: The Problem -- 2: Excessive Cultural Tourism -- 2.1 What Are the Figures? -- 2.2 Cultural Overtourism -- 2.3 Why Is Cultural Overtourism Growing So Quickly? -- 2.4 What Are the Effects of Cultural Mass Tourism? -- 3: Reactions to Cultural Overtourism -- 3.1 People Are Protesting -- 3.2 Shifting to So Far Little Visited Cultural Sites -- 3.3 Government Intervenes -- 3.3.1 Information and Appeals -- 3.3.2 Marketing Efforts -- 3.3.3 Temporal and Local Administrative Restrictions -- 3.3.4 Tax Incentives -- 3.3.5 Price Increase for Visitors -- 3.3.6 Auctioning of Visiting Rights -- 3.4 Visitors Are Banned -- Part II: Overtourism: A Radical Proposal -- 4: A Positive Alternative: Revived Originals -- 4.1 What Are the Features of Revived Originals? -- 4.1.1 The Most Important Buildings Are Replicated Identically -- 4.1.2 Digital Technology Is Extensively Applied -- 4.1.3 Art Sites Are Historically and Culturally Embedded -- 4.1.4 Combining Copy and Digital Technology -- 4.2 What Are the Advantages of Revived Originals? -- 4.3 Similar Sites Already Exist -- 4.3.1 Prehistoric Paintings in Altamira, Lascaux, and Chauvet -- 4.3.2 The Tomb of Tutankhamun -- 4.3.3 Panoramas and Dioramas -- 4.3.4 Wittgenstein's Hut in Norway -- 4.3.5 Neuschwanstein Castle -- 4.3.6 Berlin and Other German Cities -- 4.3.7 Ballenberg, Open-Air Museum of Switzerland -- 4.3.8 Swissminiature -- 4.3.9 Minimundus in Klagenfurt -- 4.3.10 Replicas in the United States -- 4.3.11 Replicas in Japan -- 4.3.12 Replicas in China -- 5: Revived Originals and Possible Counterarguments -- 5.1 Original Compared to Revived Original -- 5.2 Missing Atmosphere and Acceptance -- 5.3 Not Interesting for Selfie Tourists?.

What is the Economics of Art and Culture? -- The Social Value of Art -- Art Markets and Auctions -- The Artists' Labour Market -- Reproductions in Art -- Creative Cultural Economy -- The Performing Arts -- Festivals -- Films -- Museums -- Superstar Museums and Special Exhibitions -- Cultural Heritage -- UNESCO World Heritage List -- Cultural Tourism -- Public Support of the Arts -- Does Art Make Us Happy?

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Happiness as a Goal of Human Beings -- Concepts of Happiness -- Happiness and Material Welfare -- Literature -- 2 Happiness Can Be Measured -- Various Kinds of Happiness -- Measurement Methods -- Surveys of Subjective Life Satisfaction -- U-Index -- Experience Sampling Method -- Day Reconstruction Method -- Brain Activity -- Literature -- 3 What Makes People Happy? -- Determinants of Happiness -- Genetic Endowment -- Economic Factors -- Income -- Work -- Distribution of Income -- Economic Development -- Socio-Demographic Influences -- Age -- Family Status -- Children -- Social Relationships -- Health -- Education -- Culture and Religion -- Political Conditions -- Democracy and Well-Being -- Federalism -- Literature -- 4 Consequences of Happiness -- The Importance of Several Joint Influences -- The Effects of Happiness -- Causality -- Literature -- 5 Psychological Influences on Happiness -- Happiness Is Partly Self-constructed -- Adaptation -- Comparison with Other People and Situations -- Cognitive Biases -- Restricted Prognostic Abilities -- Literature -- 6 Happiness Maximization by the Government -- Should Politicians Maximize Happiness? -- Biased Answers to Happiness Surveys -- Manipulated Happiness Index -- Literature -- 7 What Happiness Policy Is Appropriate? -- Enabling Happiness -- Happiness as Ultimate Goal? -- Institutions Leading to Happiness -- Happiness in the Current Politico-Economic Process -- Job Market and Economic Growth -- Income Inequality -- Independence and Self-employment -- Voluntary Work and Donations -- Family and Social Relationships -- Education -- Liveable Cities -- Literature -- 8 What About a Happiness Pill? -- Happiness Pills Exist -- A Thought Experiment -- Positive Effects -- Negative Effects -- Substitutes and Complements -- Procedural Benefits.

Intro -- Introduction -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Capitalism -- Sola Protestantism in Economics -- Sola Actio -- Sola Theoria -- Solus Grexitus -- Economics Has Nothing to Do with Religion -- More Choice Is Always Better -- People Are Outcome Oriented -- Deriving People´s Trade Policy Preferences from Macroeconomic Trade Theory -- Size (of Government) Doesn´t Matter -- Bayesianism -- The Return on Equity -- Peak Oil Theory -- More Choice Is Always Better -- (Un)Productive Labor -- Volatility Is Risk -- Robots Will Take All Our Jobs -- Economic Growth Increases People´s Well-Being -- Big Data Predictions Devoid of Theory -- References -- Government Debts Are a Burden on Future Generations -- Public Spending Reduces Unemployment -- The Capital Asset Pricing Model -- Main Predictions of the CAPM -- Why Is the CAPM an Absurd Model? -- Why Are People then Still Using the CAPM? -- Innovation Programs Lead to Innovation -- Factors of Production Are Homogenous Within Categories -- Individual Utility Depends Only on Absolute Consumption -- The Relative Price Effect Explains Behavior -- The Precedence of Exchange over Production -- Inequality Reduces Growth -- Contingent Valuation, Willingness to Pay, and Willingness to Accept -- Governments Must Reduce Budget Deficits -- Reach for Your Dream -- The EU´s Competiveness Authority -- Say´s Law -- Boundedness of Rationality -- Rational Expectations -- Letting Insolvent Banks Fail -- Pleasantville Politics: Selecting Politicians According to Ability -- The Axioms of Revealed Preference -- There Ain´t No Such Thing as a Free Lunch: The Myth of Expansionary Consolidations -- Government Hurts the Economy More Than It Helps -- The Motivated Armchair Approach to Preferences -- Economics Is Based on Scientific Methods -- The Death of Distance -- Dump the Concept of Rationality Into the Deep Ocean.

Dieses Buch ist eine Einführung in die verhaltensorientierte Ökonomie, die auch unter den Bezeichnungen "außermarktliche Ökonomie"", "Neue Politische Ökonomie"" oder "Neuer Institutionalismus"" bekannt ist. In ihm wird die ökonomische Denkweise auf sechs unterschiedliche Gebiete angewandt, die bewusst außerhalb des üblichen Themenkatalogs der Wirtschaft gewählt sind: - Natürliche Umwelt: Umweltschutz und Umweltmoral - Politik: Arbeitslosigkeit und Nationalsozialismus - Kunst: Theater und die Salzburger Festspiele - Familie: Patriarchalismus in China - Konflikt: Terrorismusbekämpfung durch

Cover -- Zum Inhalt / Zum Autor -- Titel -- Vorwort -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Einführung -- 1. Der Markt -und darüber hinaus -- Teil A: Der Verdrängungseffekt -- 2. Alltagserfahrungen -- 3. Psychologischer Hintergrund -- 4. Integration in die Wirtschaftstheorie -- 5. Der Übertragungs-Effekt -- Teil B: Anwendungen -- 6. Harte oder weiche Verfassung? -- 7. Umweltpolitik -- 8. Lokal unerwünschte Projekte (mit FELIX OBERHOLZER-GEE) -- 9. Sozial- und Organisationspolitik -- 10. Arbeitsmotivation und Entlohnung -- Teil C: Folgerungen -- 11. Konsequenzen für die Wirtschaftspolitik -- 12. Konsequenzen für die Wirtschaftstheorie -- Literaturverzeichnis -- Personenverzeichnis -- Sachverzeichnis -- Impressum.

Series foreword -- Preface -- Major developments -- Research on happiness -- The relationship of happiness to utility -- How income affects happiness -- How unemployment affects happiness -- How inflation and inequality affect happiness -- Pushing ahead -- The public sphere -- Self-employment and voluntary work -- Marriage and happiness -- Watching television -- Procedural utility -- Mispredicting utility -- The value of public goods -- Policy consequences -- Happiness policies -- Happiness and political institutions -- A revolution in economics -- References -- Index.

Gordon Tullock has been one of the most important founders and contributors to Public Choice. Two innovations are typical "Tullock Challenges". The first relates to method: the measurement of subjective well-being, or happiness. The second relates to digital social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, or to some extent Google. Both innovations lead to strong incentives by the governments to manipulate the policy consequences. In general ";What is important, will be manipulated by the government". To restrain government manipulation one has to turn to Constitutional Economics and increase the possibilities for direct popular participation and federalism, or introduce random mechanisms.

Political Economy and Public Choice have studied the interactions between the economy and the polity for over 60 years now. The present paper endeavours to provide a critical discussion of this literature and its achievements. In particular, it starts with the different approaches based on empirically tested or politometric models, and it then proceeds to discuss different studies of the effects that particular rules of the game have on politico-economic outcomes. The third part will deal with studies that take institutions to be endogenous and aim at ex-plaining why particular institutions emerge. Finally, the question whether political economy has been a success or a failure will be tackled. While the success in terms of the position gained in economic research and teaching is undeniable, a look at one of the most thriving recent areas of economics, namely happiness research, will reveal that fundamental lessons all too often remain disregarded.

Management research has long focused on the theory of the firm, studying for-profit organizations that produce privately owned resources based on central authority and within well-defined boundaries. In recent times, a new kind of enterprise has emerged that we call Community Enterprises. They are barrier free and extend beyond the reach of strong, personal relationships and are characterized by the production of appropriation-free resources and the absence of boundaries. Wikipedia is the most successful example of such a Community Enterprise. Assumptions and principles underneath related fields such as organizational theory, innovation economics, and industrial organization should therefore be critically examined.

A statistical analysis of the UNESCO World Heritage List is presented. The World Heritage Convention intends to protect global heritage of outstanding value to mankind, but there has been great concern about the missing representativity of the member countries. There is a strongly biased distribution of Sites according to a country's population, area or per capita income. The paper reveals the facts but refrains from judging whether the existing distribution is appropriate or not. This task must be left to the discussion in the World Heritage Convention.